Corporate and commercial law covers the rules governing businesses, contracts, debt collection, small claims, and corporate governance in the Philippines. Common concerns include contract preparation and review, debt recovery, small claims cases, business registration, and corporate document compliance.
This hub brings together practical guides on the most frequent commercial law issues. Each article includes sample formats, document checklists, and links to related forms and consultation services.
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- Demand Letter Philippines: What to Include
- Small Claims Cases: A Simple Guide
- Chattel Mortgage Sample Format
- Contract to Sell Sample Format
- Promissory Note Sample Format
- Special Power of Attorney Sample Format
Related Legal Forms and Documents
These sample forms and document guides are commonly used in this practice area. Each form includes a sample format and key clause explanations.
Frequently asked questions about corporate and commercial law
What is the small claims limit in the Philippines?
Small claims cases cover money claims up to PHP 1,000,000 (as of current rules). Lawyers are generally not allowed in small claims proceedings.
Is a demand letter required before filing a case?
A demand letter is not always legally required, but it is strongly recommended. It documents the claim, gives the other party a chance to respond, and may help avoid litigation.
How do I register a business in the Philippines?
Business registration typically involves the SEC (for corporations) or DTI (for sole proprietors), plus BIR registration, barangay clearance, and mayor’s permit. The process varies by business type.
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Common Debt & Collection Questions From Our Readers
What can I do if someone refuses to pay their debt?
Start with a formal demand letter documenting the amount owed and giving a deadline for payment. If ignored, you may file a small claims case (for amounts up to PHP 1,000,000) which does not require a lawyer. For larger amounts, consult a lawyer about filing a civil case for collection of sum of money.
Can a creditor take my property without court approval?
No. A creditor cannot seize your property, gadget, or any asset without a court order. Self-help repossession is illegal. If a creditor has taken your property, you may file a complaint for theft or recovery of possession. Exceptions include properly documented chattel mortgages or security agreements.
What is the small claims process in the Philippines?
Small claims cases are designed for straightforward money claims up to PHP 1,000,000. No lawyers are allowed. You file a statement of claim with the proper court, pay the filing fee, and attend the hearing where both parties present their evidence. The court usually decides on the same day or within a few days.
Legal Disclaimer
The information on this page is for general legal information only and does not create an attorney-client relationship. Laws, rules, fees, procedures, and office requirements may change. For advice specific to your situation, consult a qualified Philippine lawyer.